Comparison between:
- 2023 Tesla Model Y Performance AWD
- 2022 Tesla Model Y Performance AWD
- 2021 Tesla Model X Performance

Brand, model, trim, price

Information about the brand, series, model name and year, trim and price of the electric vehicle.

2023 Tesla Model Y Performance AWD2022 Tesla Model Y Performance AWD2021 Tesla Model X Performance
2023 Tesla Model Y Performance AWD2022 Tesla Model Y Performance AWD2021 Tesla Model X Performance
Model alias--Model X Performance
TrimPerformance AWDPerformance AWDPerformance
Model year202320222021
MarketNorth America, EuropeNorth America, EuropeNorth America, Europe, China, Australia
Price--USD 119,990 (USA, Jan 2021)

Body style, dimensions, volumes, weights.

Information about the EV body style, dimensions, clearance, volumes, curb weight, GVWR.

Body styleSport utility vehicle (SUV)Sport utility vehicle (SUV)Sport utility vehicle (SUV)
MaterialsMild steel
High-strength steel
Ultra-high-strength steel
Aluminium
Mild steel
High-strength steel
Ultra-high-strength steel
Aluminium
Extruded aluminium with boron steel
Exterior colorsDeep Blue Metallic
Midnight Silver Metallic
Pearl White Multi-Coat
Red Multi-Coat
Solid Black
Midnight Cherry Red (Europe and the Middle East)
Quicksilver (Europe and the Middle East)
Deep Blue Metallic
Midnight Silver Metallic
Pearl White Multi-Coat
Red Multi-Coat
Solid Black
Midnight Cherry Red (Europe and the Middle East)
Quicksilver (Europe and the Middle East)
Deep Blue Metallic
Midnight Silver Metallic
Pearl White Multi-Coat
Red Multi-Coat
Solid Black
Interior colorsBlack
Black and White
Black
Black and White
Black
Black and White
Carbon Fiber Décor
Number of doors444
Number of seats5 / 75 / 75 / 6 / 7
Length187.0 in
4751 mm
187.0 in
4751 mm
198.9 in
5052 mm
Width75.6 in
1921 mm
75.6 in
1921 mm
78.7 in
1999 mm
Width with mirrors83.8 in
2129 mm
83.8 in
2129 mm
89.4 in
2271 mm
Width with folded mirrors77.9 in
1978 mm
77.9 in
1978 mm
81.6 in
2073 mm
Height63.9 in
1624 mm
63.9 in
1624 mm
66.0 in
1676 mm
Wheelbase113.8 in
2890 mm
113.8 in
2890 mm
116.7 in
2964 mm
Front track64.8 in
1646 mm
64.8 in
1646 mm
67.1 in
1705 mm
Rear track64.2 in
1630 mm
64.2 in
1630 mm
67.3 in
1710 mm
Clearance6.2 in
157 mm
6.2 in
157 mm
-
Minimum clearance--6.7 in
171 mm
Maximum clearance--9.0 in
228 mm
Front headroom41.0 in
1041 mm
41.0 in
1041 mm
41.7 in
1059 mm
Rear headroom39.4 in
1001 mm
39.4 in
1001 mm
40.9 in
1039 mm
Front shoulder room56.4 in
1432 mm
56.4 in
1432 mm
60.7 in
1542 mm
Rear shoulder room54.1 in
1373 mm
54.1 in
1373 mm
56.8 in
1443 mm
Front hip room53.8 in
1367 mm
53.8 in
1367 mm
55.6 in
1412 mm
Rear hip room50.6 in
1286 mm
50.6 in
1286 mm
58.5 in
1486 mm
Front legroom41.9 in
1063 mm
41.9 in
1063 mm
41.2 in
1047 mm
Rear legroom40.5 in
1029 mm
40.5 in
1029 mm
38.4 in
975 mm
Trunk volume854.0 l
30.16 ft3
0.85 m3
854.0 l
30.16 ft3
0.85 m3
357.0 l
12.61 ft3
0.36 m3
Maximum trunk volume2041.0 l
72.08 ft3
2.04 m3
2041.0 l
72.08 ft3
2.04 m3
2299.5 l
81.21 ft3
2.30 m3
Secondary trunk volume117.0 l
4.13 ft3
0.12 m3
117.0 l
4.13 ft3
0.12 m3
187.0 l
6.60 ft3
0.19 m3
Curb weight4398.22 lb
1995 kg
4398.22 lb
1995 kg
5740.84 lb
2604 kg
Payload--1137.59 lb
516 kg
GVWR5712.18 lb
2591 kg
5712.18 lb
2591 kg
6878.42 lb
3120 kg
Drag coefficient0.23 Cd0.23 Cd0.25 Cd
Additional informationInterior dimensions and volume shown are for Model Y with 5 seatsInterior dimensions and volume shown are for Model Y with 5 seatsThe cargo and rear trunk volumes apply for 5 seat vehicles
Rear volume 6 seat vehicles: 2002 l
Cargo volume 6 seat vehicles: 2189 l
Rear volume 7 seat vehicle: 2166 l
Cargo volume 7 seat vehicles: 2353 l

Electric motor

Information about the model's electric motor and its performance

ManufacturerTeslaTeslaTesla
Model3D1 or 4D13D1 or 4D1-
Electric motor typePermanent magnet synchronousPermanent magnet synchronousAC induction/asynchronous
Location of the motorRearRearRear
Voltage320 V320 V320 V
Power235 kW
315.1 hp
319.5 ps
235 kW
315.1 hp
319.5 ps
375 kW
502.9 hp
509.9 ps
Maximum power RPM5075 rpm5075 rpm6150 rpm
Torque420 Nm
42.8 kgm
309.8 ft-lb
420 Nm
42.8 kgm
309.8 ft-lb
660 Nm
67.3 kgm
486.8 ft-lb
Maximum torque RPM325 - 4800 rpm325 - 4800 rpm-
Regenerative brakingYesYesYes
Driving modes--Ludicrous
Additional informationAC permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor
Liquid-cooled with variable frequency drive
4D1 is the code for the new hairpin motor
AC permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor
Liquid-cooled with variable frequency drive
4D1 is the code for the new hairpin motor
3-phase 4-pole AC induction motor with a copper rotor
Optional Ludicrous Mode

Second electric motor

Information about the model's second motor and its performance.

ManufacturerTeslaTeslaTesla
Model3D33D3-
Motor typeAC induction/asynchronousAC induction/asynchronousPermanent magnet synchronous
LocationFrontFrontFront
Voltage--320 V
Power158 kW
211.9 hp
214.8 ps
158 kW
211.9 hp
214.8 ps
193 kW
258.8 hp
262.4 ps
Maximum power RPM8275 rpm8275 rpm6100 - 6800 rpm
Torque163 Nm
16.6 kgm
120.2 ft-lb
163 Nm
16.6 kgm
120.2 ft-lb
330 Nm
33.7 kgm
243.4 ft-lb
Maximum torque RPM125 - 6375 rpm125 - 6375 rpm-
Regenerative brakingYesYesYes
Additional features3-phase 4-pole AC induction motor with a copper rotor
Liquid cooled with variable frequency drive
3-phase 4-pole AC induction motor with a copper rotor
Liquid cooled with variable frequency drive
A permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor
Liquid-cooled with variable frequency drive

Performance

Information about the top speed and acceleration of the model.

Top speed155.3 mph
250.0 km/h
155.3 mph
250.0 km/h
162.8 mph
262.0 km/h
Acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h3.70 s3.70 s2.80 s
Acceleration from 0 to 60 mph3.50 s3.50 s2.50 s

Driving range

Information about the official driving range of the model according to EPA, NEDC, WPTL.

Driving rangeEPA: 303.0 mi / 487.6 km
WLTP: 319.4 mi / 514.0 km
EPA: 303.0 mi / 487.6 km
WLTP: 319.4 mi / 514.0 km
NEDC: 372.8 mi / 600.0 km
EPA: 300.0 mi / 482.8 km
EPA: 341.0 mi / 548.8 km
WLTP: 340.5 mi / 548.0 km

Energy efficiency

Information about the energy efficiency of the model in various measurement units according to EPA, NEDC, WPTL.

Energy efficiencyEPA, CMB: 30 kWh/100 mi
EPA, HWY: 106 MPGe
EPA, CMB: 111 MPGe
EPA, CTY: 115 MPGe
WLTP, CMB: 17.3 kWh/100 km
EPA, CMB: 30 kWh/100 mi
EPA, HWY: 106 MPGe
EPA, CMB: 111 MPGe
EPA, CTY: 115 MPGe
WLTP, CMB: 17.3 kWh/100 km
EPA, CMB: 35 kWh/100 mi
EPA, CMB: 39 kWh/100 mi
EPA, HWY: 83 MPGe
EPA, CMB: 86 MPGe
EPA, CTY: 89 MPGe
EPA, HWY: 95 MPGe
EPA, CMB: 97 MPGe
EPA, CTY: 100 MPGe

Energy class

Information about the energy class of the electric car.

Energy classA+A+A+

Steering

Information about the type of the steering mechanism of the model and related features.

Type of steering mechanismRack and pinionRack and pinionRack and pinion
Type of power steeringElectronicElectronicElectronic
Turning circle12.1 m
39.70 ft
12.1 m
39.70 ft
12.4 m
40.68 ft
Lock-to-lock turns222.33

Transmission

Information about the transmission of the model.

Type of transmissionAutomatic single-speed reduction gearAutomatic single-speed reduction gearAutomatic single-speed reduction gear
DrivetrainAll-wheel drive (AWD)All-wheel drive (AWD)All-wheel drive (AWD)
Axle ratio9.19.19.7
Axle ratio of the second electric motor.--9

Suspension

Information about the system of components that connects the wheels and axles to the chassis.

Front suspensionIndependent
Lower suspension
Double wishbone
Coil springs (helical springs)
Telescopic shock absorbers
Anti-roll bar (stabilizer link / stabilizer bar)
Independent
Lower suspension
Double wishbone
Coil springs (helical springs)
Telescopic shock absorbers
Anti-roll bar (stabilizer link / stabilizer bar)
Independent
Double wishbone
Anti-roll bar (stabilizer link / stabilizer bar)
Optional Smart Air Suspension with fully-adaptive damping
Rear suspensionIndependent
Lower suspension
Multi-link
Coil springs (helical springs)
Telescopic shock absorbers
Independent
Lower suspension
Multi-link
Coil springs (helical springs)
Telescopic shock absorbers
Independent
Multi-link
Anti-roll bar (stabilizer link / stabilizer bar)
Optional Smart Air Suspension with fully-adaptive damping

Brakes

Information about the brake system used on this model.

Front brakesVentilated discsVentilated discsVentilated discs
Rear brakesVentilated discsVentilated discsVentilated discs
Additional informationPerformance brakes
Rotor diameter front / rear - 355 / 335 mm
Fotor thickness front / rear - 27 / 22 mm
Brake pad thickness front / rear - 10 / 9 mm
Performance brakes
Rotor diameter front / rear - 355 / 335 mm
Fotor thickness front / rear - 27 / 22 mm
Brake pad thickness front / rear - 10 / 9 mm
-

Rims

Information about the rims available for this electric car.

Rims9.5Jx21 ET40
10.5Jx21 ET48
9.5Jx21 ET40
10.5Jx21 ET48
9Jx20 ET40
9Jx22 ET40
10Jx22 ET35
10Jx20 ET35

Tyres

Information about the tyres available for this electric vehicle.

Tyres255/35R21
275/35R21
255/35R21
275/35R21
265/35R22 102W
265/45R20 108V
275/45R20 110V
285/35R22 106W

Battery

Specifications and features of the rechargeable battery that powers this vehicle.

ManufacturerPanasonic; LG ChemPanasonic; LG ChemPanasonic
ModelNCR21700A; NMC 21700LNCR21700A; NMC 21700L-
Type of rechargeable batteryLithium-IonLithium-IonLithium-Ion
Battery capacity82.1 kWh82.1 kWh100 kWh
Number of cells--8256
Number of modules--16
Voltage360 V360 V350 V
Energy density260 Wh/kg260 Wh/kg243 Wh/kg
LocationUnder the floor, middleUnder the floor, middleUnder the floor, middle
CoolingWater-based coolant circulation
Heat pipe
Water-based coolant circulation
Heat pipe
Water-based coolant circulation
Minimum ambient temperature-30 °C
-22 °F
-30 °C
-22 °F
-30 °C
-22 °F
Maximum ambient temperature60 °C
140 °F
60 °C
140 °F
60 °C
140 °F
Additional informationUSA battery code - BT42 (Panasonic 2170L (E3LD))
European battery code - BT43 (LG Chem 2170L NCM) with 79 kWh
USA battery code - BT42 (Panasonic 2170L (E3LD))
European battery code - BT43 (LG Chem 2170L NCM) with 79 kWh
-

Charging type

Information about the different types of charging of this specific electric car.

Charging typeAC charging, 11 kW
AC charging, 11.5 kW
DC Charging, 250 kW
DC Charging, 250 kW
AC charging, 11 kW
AC charging, 11.5 kW
DC Charging, 250 kW
DC Charging, 250 kW
Wall Connector, 17.28 kW
Urban Supercharger, 72 kW
Supercharger, 150 kW

Onboard charger/Charging port

Information about the onboard charger(s)/charging port(s) available on this electric vehicle.

Onboard charger/Charging portOnboard charger, Type 2, 11 kW
Onboard charger, Tesla, 11.5 kW
Onboard charger, Type 2, 11 kW
Onboard charger, Tesla, 11.5 kW
Onboard charger, Type 2, 11 kW
Onboard charger, Tesla, 11.52 kW
Onboard charger, Tesla, 17.28 kW

Charging time

Information about the estimated charging time for this EV depending on the various type of charging it supports.

Charging timeDC Charging, 0:16-0:20
AC charging, 6:00-7:28
DC Charging, 0:16-0:20
AC charging, 6:00-7:28
Supercharger, 0:40-0:50
Urban Supercharger, 1:07-1:24
Wall Connector, 5:47-8:41

Additional features

A list of standard and optional exterior and interior features of the model.

Additional featuresAluminium alloy pedal (S)
Tow hitch (O)
360-degree parking camera (O)
Advanced collision avoidance (S)
Automatic driving on city streets (O)
Autopark - parallel and perendicular self-parking (O)
BLIS with steer assist (S)
Collapsable steering column (S)
Collision avoidance braking and steering (S)
Cross traffic alert (S)
Driver alert (S)
Driver assist (S)
Driver knee airbag (S)
Dual-stage driver airbag (S)
Dual-stage passenger airbag with active ventilation (S)
Energy-absorbin interior (S)
Evasive manoeuvre assist (S)
Far side airbags (S)
3 x forward looking cameras (S)
2 x forward looking side cameras (O)
Front seat belts with electrical pre-cash tensioner (S)
Front seat belts with pretensioners and 2-step load limiters (S)
High-Speed autosteer (S)
Inflatable curtains (S)
Lane keeping with automatic steering (S)
Navigate on Autopilot (O)
Outer rear seats with pretensioners and 2-step load limiters (S)
Pilot Assist (S)
Rear collision warning/mitigation (S)
1 x rearward looking camera (S)
2 x rearward looking side cameras (O)
Recognize and respond to traffic lights and stop signs (O)
Road sign info (S)
Side airbags (S)
Side impact protection (S)
Summon your car remotely (O)
Traffic aware cruise control (TACC) (S)
Whiplash injury protection (S)
15-inch touch dispaly (S)
2 x amps (S)
Center console with storage, 4 USB ports and docking for 2 smartphones (S)
In-car internet streaming music & media (S)
Location aware automatic garage door opener (S)
Music and media over Bluetooth (S)
Satellite-view maps with live traffic visualization and navigation (S)
13 x speakers (S)
1 x subwoofer (S)
12-way power adjustable front and rear seats (S)
Heated front and rear seats (S)
Three independently folding 2nd row seats (S)
Heated steering wheel (S)
Carbon fiber spoiler (S)
Tinted glass roof with ultraviolet and infrared protection (S)
Auto dimming, power folding, heated side mirrors (S)
LED fog lamps (S)
Aluminium alloy pedal (S)
Tow hitch (O)
360-degree parking camera (O)
Advanced collision avoidance (S)
Automatic driving on city streets (O)
Autopark - parallel and perendicular self-parking (O)
BLIS with steer assist (S)
Collapsable steering column (S)
Collision avoidance braking and steering (S)
Cross traffic alert (S)
Driver alert (S)
Driver assist (S)
Driver knee airbag (S)
Dual-stage driver airbag (S)
Dual-stage passenger airbag with active ventilation (S)
Energy-absorbin interior (S)
Evasive manoeuvre assist (S)
Far side airbags (S)
3 x forward looking cameras (S)
2 x forward looking side cameras (O)
Front seat belts with electrical pre-cash tensioner (S)
Front seat belts with pretensioners and 2-step load limiters (S)
High-Speed autosteer (S)
Inflatable curtains (S)
Lane keeping with automatic steering (S)
Navigate on Autopilot (O)
Outer rear seats with pretensioners and 2-step load limiters (S)
Pilot Assist (S)
Rear collision warning/mitigation (S)
1 x rearward looking camera (S)
2 x rearward looking side cameras (O)
Recognize and respond to traffic lights and stop signs (O)
Road sign info (S)
Side airbags (S)
Side impact protection (S)
Summon your car remotely (O)
Traffic aware cruise control (TACC) (S)
12 x ultrasonic sensors (wider range) (S)
Whiplash injury protection (S)
15-inch touch dispaly (S)
2 x amps (S)
Center console with storage, 4 USB ports and docking for 2 smartphones (S)
In-car internet streaming music & media (S)
Location aware automatic garage door opener (S)
Music and media over Bluetooth (S)
Satellite-view maps with live traffic visualization and navigation (S)
14 x speakers (S)
1 x subwoofer (S)
12-way power adjustable front and rear seats (S)
Heated front and rear seats (S)
Three independently folding 2nd row seats (S)
Heated steering wheel (S)
Carbon fiber spoiler (S)
Tinted glass roof with ultraviolet and infrared protection (S)
Auto dimming, power folding, heated side mirrors (S)
LED fog lamps (S)
12V power outlet (S)
Center console with removable dividers (S)
High-strength steel tow bar (S)
Towing Package with software (S)
Washer nozzle heaters (S)
Wiper blade defrosters (S)
3-point rear center seatbelt (S)
360-degree parking camera (O)
4-wheel anti-lock braking system (ABS) (S)
Adjustable front head restraints (S)
Automatic driving on city streets (O)
Automatic emergency braking (S)
Autopark - parallel and perendicular self-parking (O)
Blind-spot Warning (S)
Brake assist (S)
Cabin-facing camera (S)
Collision avoidance (S)
Dual front side-impact airbags (S)
Electronic Brake Force Distribution (S)
3 x fixed rear head restraints (S)
Forward collision mitigation (S)
3 x forward looking cameras (S)
Forward looking radar (S)
2 x forward looking side cameras (O)
Front and rear seatbelt pre-tensioners (S)
Front passenger airbag occupancy sensor (S)
Height-adjustable front seatbelts (S)
HEPA air filtration system (S)
High-Speed autosteer (S)
Hill start assist (S)
Immobilizer (S)
Integrated Advanced Stability Control (S)
Interior, manual release mechanism for all doors, front trunk, and rear cargo area (S)
Knee airbags on the front (S)
Lane keeping with automatic steering (S)
LATCH system (S)
Navigate on Autopilot (O)
Occupant sensing airbags (S)
Occupants sensor (S)
Overhead curtain airbag for the 1st and 2nd row (S)
Rear side-impact airbags (S)
1 x rearward looking camera (S)
2 x rearward looking side cameras (O)
Recognize and respond to traffic lights and stop signs (O)
Summon your car remotely (O)
Traction control (S)
Traffic aware cruise control (TACC) (S)
12 x ultrasonic sensors (wider range) (S)
Up to four ISOFIX child seat attachments (S)
22 x -speaker, 960W audio system (S)
17-inch Cinematic Display with a resolution of 2200 x 1300 pixels (S)
8-inch display for rear passengers (S)
FM radio, Bluetooth, USB audio (S)
Homelink (S)
Maps and navigation (S)
Premium audio system (S)
Premium Connectivity (S)
Trip Computer (S)
Wireless phone charger (S)
Dual front air conditioning zones (S)
Front air-conditioning with automatic climate controls (S)
Rear air-conditioning and heating (O)
Rear heat vents (S)
12-way power adjustable, heated front seats with memory and driver profile (S)
60/40 folding rear seat row (S)
Heated front and rear seats (S)
Ventilated seats (S)
Heated leather-trimmed steering wheel (S)
Yoke steering wheel (S)
Falcon Wing doos (S)
Glass panoramic windshield with ultraviolet and infrared protection (S)
Keyless entry (S)
Power liftgate (S)
Power windows (S)
Privacy Glass or Deep Tinted Glass (S)
Rain-sensing wipers (S)
Rear window defogger (S)
Self-presenting front door (S)
Power-folding, auto-dimming, heated side mirrors (S)
3-position dynamic LED turning lights (S)
Ambient interior lighting (S)
LED fog lights (S)
Carbon fiber decor (S)
Cloth and leatherette (S)

Additional information

Additional information about this electric vehicle.

Additional informationEnters the European market in Q1 2022

Rarely MCU2 with Intel Atom in the USA

MCUZ / MCU3
- Custom AMD Ryzen YE180FC3T4MFG
- Quad-core CPU with 512KB L2 cache per core and 4MB L3 cache
- AMD Navi23 GPU (215-130000026)
- 8/16GB DDR4
- 8GB GDDR6
- 256GB SSD
- 10 teraflops processing power
- LG Innotek ATC5CPC001 Wi-Fi and Bluetooth module
- Quectel AG525R-GL cell modem
- SPC5748GSMMJ6 gateway
- ADSP-SC587W SHARC+ Dual Core DSP with ARM Cortex-A5 for DSP 1
- AD21584 SHARC+ Dual Core DSP with ARM Cortex-A5 for DSP 2
- Realtek RTL9068ABD Ethernet switch

16V Li-Ion auxiliary battery
- often mislabeled as 12V
- made by CATL
- Self-protection mode
- Battery management system
- LIN data communication
- Four NMC pouch cells
- 15.5 - 15.8 operating voltage
- 6.9 - 7.5 Ah
- 99 Wh
- 3.7 V nominal
- more than 2000 cycles
- 1.8 kg / 3.97 lbs
Enters the European market in Q1 2022

Rarely MCU2 with Intel Atom in the USA

MCUZ / MCU3
- Custom AMD Ryzen YE180FC3T4MFG
- Quad-core CPU with 512KB L2 cache per core and 4MB L3 cache
- AMD Navi23 GPU (215-130000026)
- 8/16GB DDR4
- 8GB GDDR6
- 256GB SSD
- 10 teraflops processing power
- LG Innotek ATC5CPC001 Wi-Fi and Bluetooth module
- Quectel AG525R-GL cell modem
- SPC5748GSMMJ6 gateway
- ADSP-SC587W SHARC+ Dual Core DSP with ARM Cortex-A5 for DSP 1
- AD21584 SHARC+ Dual Core DSP with ARM Cortex-A5 for DSP 2
- Realtek RTL9068ABD Ethernet switch

16V Li-Ion auxiliary battery
- often mislabeled as 12V
- made by CATL
- Self-protection mode
- Battery management system
- LIN data communication
- Four NMC pouch cells
- 15.5 - 15.8 operating voltage
- 6.9 - 7.5 Ah
- 99 Wh
- 3.7 V nominal
- more than 2000 cycles
- 1.8 kg / 3.97 lbs
MCUZ / MCU3
- Custom AMD Ryzen YE180FC3T4MFG
- Quad-core CPU with 512KB L2 cache per core and 4MB L3 cache
- AMD Navi23 GPU (215-130000026)
- 8/16GB DDR4
- 8GB GDDR6
- 256GB SSD
- 10 teraflops processing power
- LG Innotek ATC5CPC001 Wi-Fi and Bluetooth module
- Quectel AG525R-GL cell modem
- SPC5748GSMMJ6 gateway
- ADSP-SC587W SHARC+ Dual Core DSP with ARM Cortex-A5 for DSP 1
- AD21584 SHARC+ Dual Core DSP with ARM Cortex-A5 for DSP 2
- Realtek RTL9068ABD Ethernet switch

16V Li-Ion auxiliary battery
- often mislabeled as 12V
- made by CATL
- Self-protection mode
- Battery management system
- LIN data communication
- Four NMC pouch cells
- 15.5 - 15.8 operating voltage
- 6.9 - 7.5 Ah
- 99 Wh
- 3.7 V nominal
- more than 2000 cycles
- 1.8 kg / 3.97 lbs
 2023 Tesla Model Y Performance AWD2022 Tesla Model Y Performance AWD2021 Tesla Model X Performance